When should you use WP_Query vs query_posts() vs get_posts()?

When developing WordPress themes and plugins, it’s important to know when to use WP_Query, query_posts(), and get_posts(). Here’s a brief overview of each function and when to use it:

1. WP_Query: This is the most powerful and flexible function for querying posts in WordPress. It allows you to create custom queries with a wide range of parameters, such as post type, taxonomy, date, author, and more. You can also use it to display pagination and create custom loops. You should use WP_Query when you need to create complex and custom queries, especially on archive pages or other places where you need more control over the query.

2. query_posts(): This function is similar to WP_Query, but it modifies the main query of the current page, which can cause unexpected results. This can be useful in some situations, such as displaying a custom post type on the home page, but it should be used with caution. You should avoid using query_posts() in most cases and use WP_Query instead.

3. get_posts(): This function is used to retrieve an array of posts based on a set of parameters, similar to WP_Query. However, it does not offer the same level of flexibility as WP_Query and cannot be used to create custom loops or display pagination. You should use get_posts() when you need to retrieve a list of posts for a specific purpose, such as displaying a list of recent posts in a sidebar.

In general, you should use WP_Query when you need to create custom queries and loops, and use get_posts() when you need to retrieve a list of posts for a specific purpose. You should avoid using query_posts() in most cases, as it can cause unexpected results and make it difficult to debug issues with your code.